In a great variety of ways, government influences hiring and firing, pay and work conditions, training and retirement plans, relations with unions, and many other human resource parctices of the pricate sector.
Government responsibility for eliminating job discrimination in the U.S. rests primarily with two federal agencies: the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) and the Office of Federal Contract Compliance (OFCC) in the Department of Labor.
Practitioners of EEOC litigation report that employers usually try to settle these cases out of court.
The EEOC itself presses business firms to agree to sex and minority hiring goals voluntarily, without resorting to court action or the cancellation of federal contracts.
A statistical analysis of corporate affirmative action programs by the National Bureau of Economic Research came up iwht ambivalent conclusions.
On balance, serious studies of the benefits and costs of equal emplyment opportunity programs and especially of affirmative action programs come down onthe positive side.
Source: Business and government in the global marketplace (seventh edition Murray L. Weidenbaum)
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